Gum acacia isused in the pharmaceutical industry as emulsifying agent,thickener/viscosity-increasing agent, and binder, especially in buccal orlozenge type dosage forms.
The acacia powderhydrates readily in cold water & concentrations of up to 40-50% are easy tohandle and control. Unlike most other water-soluble gums of similar molecularweight, acacia gum exhibits very low viscosity in water; a 1% dispersion of Xanthangum & a 40% solution of gum acacia have similar viscosities of about3000-5000 cps. Hence, it is necessary to use additional gums or thickenerswhile formulating oral & topical pharmaceutical formulations.
It is also used in the preparation of buccal tablets (pastilles& lozenges). It is used to stabilize O/W emulsions which are used in tabletcoatings.
Specifications
Tests |
Specifications |
Organoleptic properties |
Odorless, bland in taste & available as white or yellowish-white thin flakes, spheroidal tears, granules, powder & spray-dried powder. It is hygroscopic. |
Solubility |
Soluble in all proportions in water. Soluble in glycerol, propylene glycol. Insoluble in ethanol. It hydrates slowly in water to produce a colorless or yellowish, viscous, gummy solution. Spray-dried grades hydrate much more rapidly (about 30 minutes) |
pH of 5%w/v aqueous solution |
4.0 to 6.5 |
Particle size |
For spray dried powder, minimum 90% is less than 200 pm. |
Viscosity of 25% w/w solution, at 20 degree Viscosity varies depending on source, age, processing conditions & methods, pH & ionic composition. Increase in concentration increases viscosity & changes from Newtonian to non-Newtonian system. |
|
Moisture Content (%w/w) |
Maximum 15.0 |
Total Ash (%w/w) |
Maximum 4.0 |
Acid Insoluble Matter (%w/w) |
Maximum 0.5 |
Heavy Metals |
Complies |
Microbial Limit Tests |
Complies |
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